EP 912 How Billionaires Use Their Wealth to Keep You from Getting Ahead
It can be hard to explain how the actions of the top .01 percent have severe consequences for the rest of us, but in his book, “Burned by Billionaires,” Chuck Collins of the Institute for Policy Studies, lays it out chapter and verse. He demonstrates through words and charts how the rest of us pay more in taxes, get less in services, find housing unaffordable and get news increasingly skewed by the ownership of important sources by the richest among us. As you listen to this podcast, you will better grasp how the highest income concentration in the last 100 years results in tax shifting from wealth to work and that this phenomenon has been building from the 1970’s on to a tipping point today. Our vast political swings each cycle show an electorate trying to find someone who can make the system work for them, while the billionaires huddle with their advisors and our elected leaders to disrupt the game board for their advantage. It all makes sense when our guest describes concepts like the wealth pump and how the financialization of our economy takes money away from pursuits that can benefit us all. It’s a must listen.
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America has many challenges in the health industry. And while our guest, who came to America as an immigrant, wanted desperately to be part of what he considered to be ‘the best medical system in the world’ back in 1975, he no longer holds that view. He says that our system has become too politicized, with too many intermediaries and has a one size fits all approach which is not serving this large country well. In his book, “Disease Knows No Politics”, Dr. Elias Zerhouni, former Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), shares thoughtful reflections on his profession as well as compelling stories about his immigrant past. In this podcast, we touch on all manner of issues in health care, from what went wrong during the pandemic, the importance of the NIH and university settings for making America the leader in health care innovation and the large role immigrants play in our healthcare system. Listening to Dr. Zerhouni is like being back in one of the best classrooms of your past. He’s clear, precise and so well informed on these issues.
While the ideal of the American woman was to be skinny, now they need to be skinny and have a glow acquired through some combination of daily yoga, vegan makeup and mushroom coffee or tea. Gwyneth Paltrow’s company, GOOP, in many ways best exemplifies this growing industry which rakes in about $5.6 trillion a year with products advertised on-line, by influencers and by more conventional media outlets. Products and services are involved which are said to improve all aspects of your life from colonics to charcoal toothpaste to green juice enemas. While the FDA may not be referenced as having sanctioned these products (and what does the FDA sanction anymore) what was once considered the domain of the rich has become aspirational for the mainstream and many ‘wellness’ branded products can be found under such a label at Walmart, no less. It’s a fascinating topic explored critically in Amy Larocca’s new book, “How to be Well: Navigating Our Self-Care Epidemic, One Dubious Cure at a Time.” Amy joins us today to discuss.
Refrigeration is considered to be the most impactful invention in the history of food and drink. And while we focus on our personal refrigerators there is an entire ‘cold chain’ of cold storage warehouses, shipping containers, trucks, and display cases, keeping foodstuffs fresh until we can purchase them. It’s a labyrinth never documented in the way that Nicola Twilley, our guest, and the author of “Frostbite: How Refrigeration Changed Our Food, Our Planet, and Ourselves” has done in her meticulously researched book. There are stunning statistics in the book, including the fact that three quarters of the food Americans eat has been refrigerated and the American family opens the refrigerator 107 times a day on average. And like many technological advances that have made life easier and better with, say, the ability to eat tomatoes in the winter in New England, there are downsides, which threaten the actual growth of those plants in no small part because of the mechanics of cooling and its contributions to global warming. It’s a fascinating story and we present it to you today.
Diane Ravitch, Ph.D, is a historian of education. For decades now, she has written, lectured and been interviewed about her views on a range of subjects related to education reform, including standardized testing, vouchers, charter schools and accountability. Early on, she was a proponent of all of the above. She was part of the leadership team in George H. W. Bush’s education department. While her views were categorized as conservative or neoconservative throughout the 1980’s and 1990’s on these subjects, at the start of this century her scholarship brought her to a different place on virtually all that she had previously espoused. It is hard to imagine how difficult it was to admit she was wrong, having been so public, and influential, in her views. In the end, she came to a few simple, but profound, conclusions–public monies are for public schools, family wealth is the greatest determinant of student achievement, and adherence to color-blind policies assures that the status quo remains in place. She also believes that the No Child Left Behind effort, and other modern reforms, measure only certain skills in reading and math, but leave other important subjects in a lesser tier. And that in the end, it is content–narratives and stories–not skills, that ignites the love of learning. In her latest book, “An Education: How I Changed My Mind About Schools and Almost Everything Else,” Ravitch is unsparing in sharing both the incredible changes she has undergone throughout her life and in how she now views her life’s work
While we might think that ambulances are always involved in step on the gas exercises–get the paddles out, extricate from a car wreck or save from the effects of a heart attack, in truth there are many folks in the ambulance because they’ve run out of luck and have no one to call, excepting 9-1-1, for just the bad fortunes of life–an imminent eviction notice or the lack of food And as long as emergency services answer all calls, the bulk of the work of ambulance drivers and technicians will never be only about life-threatening emergencies. This is one of the many revelations you’ll find in Joanna Sokol’s work memoir, “A Real Emergency: Stories from the Ambulance.” While she documents the low pay and difficult working conditions, we are reminded that it’s the only medical care that is not first mediated by the medical bureaucracy–particularly insurance considerations. The ambulance arrives and off you go. In the end, someone has to pay for the service but given the many ways that ambulance services are owned and operated, it’s a hard business to make a profit from. Riding in that ambulance, Sokol reminds us, you can discern a lot about what America cares about and who is often left behind.
Tim Bakken, a civilian professor, and the longest-serving law professor in West Point’s history, filed a lawsuit recently in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, challenging a new U.S. Military Academy policy regulating faculty speech, which he alleges violates the First Amendment. You may recall that Professor Bakken was on our podcast a few years back promoting his book, “The Cost of Loyalty,” in which he describes how unquestioned faith isolates the U.S. armed forces from civil society and has catastrophic consequences. In 2012, he won that case against West Point before the U.S. Merit System’s Protection Board, which found him to be a legally protected whistleblower, after he complained of wrongdoing at West Point and suffered retaliation. As a result, he became one of the few federal employees to win a lawsuit against the U.S. military. The new lawsuit challenges the new “Academic Engagement Policy” requiring faculty members to seek and obtain prior approval from their department heads before they may speak to external audiences or publish articles or essays on matters within their spheres of disciplinary expertise while on duty and when speaking or writing as a citizen and mentioning their affiliation with West Point, the U.S. Military Academy. On this podcast, Tim Bakken spoke as a citizen and did not indicate his institutional affiliation in accord with a requirement of his employer. Any reference to that status was mine, and mine alone.
The euro survived crises unimagined at its founding in 1992, giving European countries a common currency. First there was the financial meltdown of 2007-2009, the sovereign debt crisis of 2010-2012, the pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The European Central Bank (ECB) pushed back against these ill winds with dramatic policy innovations, like buying up vast amounts of debt and providing large loans to banks. In the midst of turmoil those seem to have been the right things to do. Now, however, is it expected that the ECB will intervene routinely, expanding the limited mission (to use interest rates to pursue price stability) it was given at its birth? That is a key question going forward. Our guest, Stanford professor, John Cochrane, along with co-authors Luis Garicano and Klaus Masuch, provide prescriptions for maintaining this monetary union in their new book, “Crisis Cycle: Challenges, Evolution, and the Future of the Euro.”
To many, the term “Black Capitalists” tips an equation upside down. Black people were the labor force that built the infrastructure of American capitalism through the violent dictates of legalized slavery, so is it possible in this moment to see Black people as beneficiaries of this system? And if they are starting to amass capital, what are they doing with it? According to our guest, Rachel Laryea Ph.D., author “Black Capitalists: A Blueprint for What Is Possible” those who deserve this nomenclature are those who are strategic in using their wealth in order to create social good. Her book is replete with examples of those who do not take a winner-take-all approach to the accumulation of money. Our guest says that the term “Black Capitalists” is race agnostic–an invitation for everyone to strive towards social good and monetary profit in their everyday economic transactions. While anyone can participate in a capitalist system with a more equitable and inclusive approach to it, she points out how race profoundly shapes the way people participate in our economy
Oh, the times they are a changing’. While the focus in a slew of parenting books has been on infancy, adolescence and the teenage years, little has been focused on as it relates to ages 6-12, which is deemed middle childhood. To many parents there’s a sense that the heaviest lifting for them is over. And yet the research is telling us something different. In her new book “The Crucial Years: The Essential Guide to Mental Health and Modern Puberty in Middle Childhood (Ages 6-12)”, clinical psychologist, Sheryl Gonzalez Ziegler, tells us that this next phase of child development may be different from that which we remember, because of early onset puberty, social media and peer pressure caused by it. The child is now facing new pressures from other adults, such as teachers, and schoolmates. Their brains and their bodies are going through changes that can be confusing to them and their parents. Thankfully, we have an expert with us who can explain the psychological and physiological elements at play at this stage.